Common Treatment for Complications of Diabetes(Ⅰ)

The greatest severity of diabetes is not the disease itself, but its various kinds of complications. Since where there is blood vessel, there is diabetes.
Cardiovascular Problem
As for Diabetes patients, besides controlling blood sugar closely, early and timely measures for various cardiovascular problems are also very important. Hypertension is more common and patients must consider about the medicine effect on the metabolic action of sugar, fat, potassium as well as calcium when they are choosing medicine for their high blood pressure. For example, Potassium losing diuretics or thiazides as well as calcium channel blockers can decrease the amount of potassium and calcium entering β cells, which can inhibit the release of insulin, leading to blood sugar increase. Contrarily, potassium sparing diuretics and ACE can inhibit the secretion of aldosterone, causing less potassium discharge, which is easy to affect heart function for renal insufficiency patients who are complicated with hypertension due to high potassium level. β adrenergic blocking agents, no matter selective or nonselective, can control low blood sugar, increase blood triglyceride and decrease HDL2-ch. Some patients who have Acute Myocardial Infarction, heart failure or cerebrovascular accident are easy to get ketosis, and fast effect insulin should be injected in small dosage for several times per day under such condition. According to clinical observation, when controlling diabetes and hypertension, Coenzyme Q10 and the second generation of calcium channel blockers can be taken. Besides, 1-carnitine can improve Cardiac Muscle Function. Patients can also have a try.
Kidney Problem
Diabetes patients are always suggested to have the test for microalbumin in urine, which is helpful to find the early kidney damage caused by diabetes. If diabetes patients are tested out abnormal microalbumin, their diabetes have already affected their kidney function. In this stage, no matter they have hypertension or not, ACEI can reduce the amount of protein in urine. According to the blood pressure level, captopril 12.5 to 25mg for 2 or 3 times per day, or enalapril 5mg for 1 or 2 times per day can be taken to control blood pressure. Such medicines can not only have effect on urine protein, but also can decrease the UTRF and UET, which is due to the special effect of ACEI on the circulation of nephron which refers to dilating efferent arteriole in higher degree than afferent arterioles, thus reduce the inner pressure of glomeruli, reducing protein in urine.